1. INTRODUCTION
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Posted: Aug/24/2018 at 1:21pm – author:Kellee_TSASS 1 Introduction
The primary purpose of the Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes is to promote uniformity and comparability of motor vehicle traffic crash statistics now being developed in Federal, state, and local jurisdictions.
The definitions in this Manual are related, but not necessarily identical, to the definitions found in the Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death (ICD); United States Code, Title 23, Highways; and the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, ANSI D6.1e-1989. These documents were developed for a variety of purposes. This variety is reflected in the definition of terms; similar terms do not necessarily have similar definitions.
The body of the Manual is divided into three sections, one containing definitions, one containing classification instructions, and a separate alphabetical listing of ANSI D.16-2017 definitions for ease of reference. Within the first section, the definitions are presented in an order which avoids dependence upon special terms not previously defined. In addition, an attempt has been made to make every definition complete; modifications of definitions are not introduced intentionally in subsequent sections or subsections.
The use of this standard does not require the use of all classifications described in the Manual or prohibit the use of additional classifications. Crash report forms and summaries should, however, be compatible with the Manual to permit compilation and comparison of information collected in different jurisdictions.
Nothing in this Manual is to be construed as a requirement for crash reporting or investigation. Reporting requirements which govern drivers or law enforcement are generally established by state law or city ordinance, while requirements for investigation are ordinarily specified in investigative agencies’ policies and procedures.
The assignment of crashes to a geographical location, such as a city, county, or state, does not imply that the jurisdiction is responsible for such crashes or that it could have prevented them. Such arbitrary assignments indicate only that the crashes occurred within the geographical limits of the jurisdiction.
NOTE: The change in the title of this standard from Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents to Manual on Classification of Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes is the result of the evolution of terminology use from “accident” to “crash” generally as it relates to motor vehicles. The use of the term “crash” instead of “accident” is not a change in the classification other than the term. Traffic safety advocates recognize that, while neither term, accident nor crash, adequately defines all incidents and collisions, the term “accident” connotes an unpreventable event. Many crashes involve behaviors such as speeding, aggressive driving, driver impairment, or distraction. All of these are preventable behaviors. It is also understood that some incidents that are included here are not well-defined by the term “crash” (such as fires and explosions). However, how the terminology is understood in the community generally impacts how these incidents are treated by legislatures, safety programs, and the media. Currently, both terms are used by various agencies and within state and federal statutes and regulations.Terminology was not changed as it relates to other types of transport vehicles, such as aircraft, watercraft, and trains. Those industries may have different definitions and understanding of what constitutes an accident versus what is a crash.Edited by Kellee_TSASS – Aug/27/2018 at 1:28pm
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