2.3 INJURIES AND DAMAGE

2.3 Injuries and Damage 

 

2.3.1 injury: An injury is bodily harm to a person. 

 

Exclusions: 

 

o Effects of diseases such as stroke, heart attack, diabetic coma, epileptic seizure

 

2.3.2 fatal injury (K): A fatal injury is any injury that results in death (See 3.1.3) within 30 days after the motor vehicle crash in which the injury occurred. If the person did not die at the scene but died within 30 days of the motor vehicle crash in which the injury occurred, the injury classification should be changed from the attribute previously assigned to the attribute “Fatal injury”.  

 

2.3.3 fatality: A fatality is any death resulting from a fatal injury. (See 3.1.3) 

 

2.3.4 suspected serious injury (A): A suspected serious injury is any injury other than fatal which results in one or more of the following:

 

• Severe laceration resulting in exposure of underlying tissues/muscle/organs or resulting in significant loss of blood

 

• Broken or distorted extremity (arm or leg)

 

• Crush injuries

 

• Suspected skull, chest, or abdominal injury other than bruises or minor lacerations

 

• Significant burns (second- and third-degree burns over 10% or more of the body)

 

• Unconsciousness when taken from the crash scene

 

• Paralysis 

 

2.3.5 suspected minor injury (B): A suspected minor injury is any injury that is evident at the scene of the crash, other than fatal or serious injuries. 

 

Inclusions: 

 

• Lump on the head, abrasions, bruises, minor lacerations (cuts on the skin surface with minimal bleeding and no exposure of deeper tissue/muscles)

 

2.3.6 possible injury (C): A possible injury is any injury reported or claimed which is not a fatal, suspected serious, or suspected minor injury. Possible injuries are those that are reported by the person or are indicated by his/her behavior, but no wounds or injuries are readily evident.

 

Inclusions:

 

• Momentary loss of consciousness

 

• Claim of injury, limping, or complaint of pain or nausea

 

2.3.6.1 no apparent injury (O): No apparent injury is a situation where there is no reason to believe that the person received any bodily harm from the motor vehicle crash. There is no physical evidence of injury and the person does not report any change in normal function.

 

2.3.7 damage: Damage is harm to property that reduces the monetary value of that property.

 

Inclusions: 

 

• Harm to wild animals, or birds, which have monetary value animal

 

Exclusions: 

 

o Harm to wild animals, or birds, which have no monetary value

 

o Harm to a snow bank unless, for example, additional snow removal costs are incurred because of the harm 

 

o Mechanical failure during normal operation, such as tire blowout, broken fan belt, or broken axle

 

2.3.8 road vehicle damage: Road vehicle damage is damage to a road vehicle. 

 

Inclusions: 

 

• Damage to any part of a road vehicle

 

Exclusions: 

 

o Injury to any person, whether or not the person is part of the road vehicle 

 

2.3.9 motor vehicle damage: Motor vehicle damage is road vehicle damage to a motor vehicle. 

 

2.3.10 other-road-vehicle damage: Other-road-vehicle damage is road vehicle damage to an other road vehicle. 

 

2.3.11 disabling damage: Disabling damage is road vehicle damage which precludes departure of the vehicle from the scene of the crash in its usual operating manner by daylight after simple repairs. 

 

 

 

Inclusions: 

 

• Vehicle which could be driven but would be further damaged thereby

 

Exclusions: 

 

o Damage which can be remedied temporarily at the scene without special tools or parts other than tires

 

o Tire disablement without other damage even if no spare tire is available

 

o Headlamp or taillight damage, which would make night driving hazardous but would not affect daytime driving

 

o Damage to turn signals, horn, or windshield wipers which makes them inoperative 

 

2.3.12 functional damage: Functional damage is any road vehicle damage, other than disabling damage, which affects operation of the road vehicle or its parts. 

 

Inclusions: 

 

• Door, window, hood, or trunk lid which will not operate properly

 

• Broken glass which obscures vision 

 

• Any damage which would prevent the motor vehicle from passing an official motor vehicle inspection

 

• Tire damage even though the tire may be changed at the scene

 

• Bumper which is loose

 

Exclusions: 

 

o Dented or bent fender, bumper, grill, body panel; destroyed hubcap